Year

2017

Type(s)

Journal Article

Author(s)

Okazaki, M. and Takeda, Y. and Data, P. and Pander, P. and Higginbotham, H. and Monkman, A.P. and Minakata, S.

Source

Chemical Science, 8(4): 2677—2686, 2017

Url

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85016463840&doi=10.1039%2fC6SC04863C&partnerID=40&md5=aedc55618b00a494d2b30ae79e59188a

BibTeX

BibTeX

BibTeX

@ARTICLE{Okazaki20172677, author={Okazaki, M. and Takeda, Y. and Data, P. and Pander, P. and Higginbotham, H. and Monkman, A.P. and Minakata, S.}, title={Thermally activated delayed fluorescent phenothiazine-dibenzo[a,j]phenazine-phenothiazine triads exhibiting tricolor-changing mechanochromic luminescence}, journal={Chemical Science}, year={2017}, volume={8}, number={4}, pages={2677-2686}, doi={10.1039/C6SC04863C}, note={cited By 127}, url={https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85016463840&doi=10.1039%2fC6SC04863C&partnerID=40&md5=aedc55618b00a494d2b30ae79e59188a}, affiliation={Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Physics Department, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, M. Stzody 9, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland}, abstract={Novel U-shaped donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) π-conjugated multi-functional molecules comprising dibenzo[a,j]phenazine (DBPHZ) as an acceptor and phenothiazines (PTZ) as donors have been developed. Most importantly, the D-A-D compounds exhibit not only distinct tricolor-changeable mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) properties but also efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Quantum chemical calculations, X-ray diffraction analysis, and systematic studies on the photophysical properties indicated that the “two-conformation-switchable” PTZ units play a highly important role in achieving multi-color-changing MCL. Time-resolved photophysical measurements revealed that the developed D-A-D compounds also exhibit efficient orange-TADF. Furthermore, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices fabricated with the new TADF emitters have achieved high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) up to 16.8%, which significantly exceeds the theoretical maximum (∼5%) of conventional fluorescent emitters. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.}, keywords={Chemical analysis; Conformations; Fluorescence; Insecticides; Light emitting diodes; Luminescence; Organic light emitting diodes (OLED); Quantum chemistry; X ray diffraction analysis, Donor acceptor donors; External quantum efficiency; Fluorescent emitters; Multi-functional molecules; Photophysical measurements; Photophysical properties; Quantum chemical calculations; Thermally activated delayed fluorescences, Quantum efficiency}, funding_details={Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT}, funding_details={Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT}, funding_details={Japan Prize FoundationJapan Prize Foundation, H2020-MSCA-IF-2014/659288, 641725}, funding_details={Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceJapan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS, JP15H00997}, funding_text 1={This work was partly supported by the Open Partnership Joint Projects of JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) Bilateral Joint Research Projects (to SM), by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas ??-System Figuration: Control of Electron and Structural Dynamism for Innovative Functions? (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP15H00997, to YT) from the MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Science and Technology, Japan), and by the Research Grant from the Japan Prize Foundation (to YT). The research leading to these results has received funding from the H2020-MSCA-IF-2014/659288 project ?TADFORCE? and H2020 Project Phebe, grant No. 641725. We deeply thank Dr Takashi Tsujimoto (Osaka University) for his assistance with the DSC measurements, Dr Nobuko Kanehisa (Osaka University) for her assistance with the single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments, and Dr Yumi Yakiyama (Osaka University) for her assistance with the diffuse reflection spectra measurement. This paper is dedicated to Professor Tamejiro Hiyama on the occasion of his 70th birthday.}, references={Sagara, Y., Yamane, S., Mitani, M., Weder, C., Kato, T., (2016) Adv. Mater., 28, pp. 1073-1095; Sagara, Y., Kato, T., (2009) Nat. 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